Microbiota & Probiotics
Different probiotic species colonize the entire digestive tract.
Their presence is essential to maintaining the balance of the natural microflora and preventing the growth of pathogenic or putrefactive bacteria that can be harmful to human health.
In this regard, there are five different types of microflora, with predominant probiotic species varying depending on their location throughout the digestive system.
5 microbiotas
Oral microbiota
Stomach microbiota
Intestinal microbiota (small intestine)
Intestinal microbiota (colon)
Vaginal microbiota in women
01
ORAL MICROBIOTA
Oral microflora covers the mouth, pharynx and the entrance to the respiratory system.
The oral cavity is naturally colonized by a variety of probiotic bacteria. Their role is to protect the teeth, gums and mucous membranes against invasions of pathogenic agents.
Gingivitis, stomatitis, periodontitis, mouth ulcers and dental caries... the balance of oral microflora plays a major role in the health of your mouth and in the prevention of oral diseases.
PREDOMINANT PROBIOTIC SPECIES
L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. fermentum, L. gasseri, L. paracasei, L. plantarum, L. rhamnosus, L. salivarius
MAIN PATHOGENIC AGENTS
S. mutans, C. albicans, H. pylori, P. gingivalis
02
STOMACH MICROBIOTA
The probiotic microflora of the stomach is mainly composed of bacterial species belonging to the lactobacilli family.
Their role is to prevent or act against digestive conditions of stomach origin.
Particularly against the bacteria Helicobacter pylori which is responsible for chronic inflammation of the stomach (gastritis) and gastric ulcers.
When in balance, the stomach microflora also plays a major role in preventing episodes of gastric reflux or lactose intolerance.
PREDOMINANT PROBIOTIC SPECIES
L. acidophilus, L. fermentum, L. gasseri, L. plantarum, L. reuteri, L. salivarius
MAIN PATHOGENIC AGENTS
H. pylori, Staphylococci
03
INTESTINAL MICROBIOTA SMALL INTESTINE
The probiotic microflora of the small intestine is essential for our good health. It serves as a barrier to pathogenic bacteria, stops their attacks and neutralizes their toxins.
The probiotic microflora of the small intestine is mainly composed of lactobacilli which colonize the walls of the intestinal mucosa.
Many species of lactobacilli secrete bactericidal substances, a type of natural antibiotic, which inhibit the development of pathogenic species that can cause diarrhea or constipation problems.
Lactobacilli also help to strengthen our natural defenses by contributing to the stimulation of the immune system.
PREDOMINANT PROBIOTIC SPECIES
L. acidophilus, L. casei, L. gasseri, L. plantarum, L. paracasei, L. reuteri, L. rhamnosus
MAIN PATHOGENIC AGENTS
E. coli, C. difficile, L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, C. jejuni
04
INTESTINAL COLON MICROBIOTA
The colon is home to the largest number of bacteria in the entire digestive system.
Bifidobacteria are the dominant probiotic microorganisms in both children and adults.
The most important physiological effect of bifidobacteria is the improvement of the condition of the intestine, including that of the intestinal flora, the inhibition of intestinal pathogenic or putrefactive substances and the relief of diarrhea or constipation.
Bifidobacteria also play a major role in the prevention of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) including irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease.
PREDOMINANT PROBIOTIC SPECIES
B. bifidum, B. breve, B. infantis, B. longum
MAIN PATHOGENIC AGENTS
E. coli, C. difficile, L. monocytogenes, Salmonella, C. jejuni
05
VAGINAL MICROBIOTA
The vaginal probiotic microflora (also called Doderlein flora) is made up of acidophilic bacteria, mainly lactobacilli.
They have a protective effect against vaginal infections. Lactobacilli naturally inhibit the growth of pathogenic microorganisms by creating an acidic environment and producing antimicrobial effects that act directly on vaginal pathogens.
The main signs of an imbalance of vaginal microflora are abnormal discharge, itching, burning sensations and difficulty urinating.
PREDOMINANT PROBIOTIC SPECIES
L. acidophilus, L. crispatus, L. casei, L. jensenii, L. gasseri, L. plantarum, L. reuteri, L. rhamnosus
MAIN PATHOGENIC AGENTS
Candida albicans, G. vaginalis, Mobiluncus, Mycroplasma
